Stirling Bridge and Falkirk 1297–98: William Wallace’s Rebellion

Osprey’s study of William Wallace’s campaign in the First War of Scottish Independence (1296-1357). The death of the last of the Scottish royal house of Canmore in 1290 triggered a succession crisis. Attempts to undermine Scottish independence by King Edward I of England sparked open resistance, culminating in an English defeat at the hands of William Wallace at Stirling Bridge in 1297.

Edward gathered an army, marched north and at Falkirk on 22 July 1298 he brought Wallace’s army to battle. Amid accusations of treachery, Wallace’s spearmen were slaughtered by Edward’s longbowmen, then charged by the English cavalry and almost annihilated. In 1305 Wallace was captured and executed, but the flame he had ignited could not be extinguished.